{"id":9687,"date":"2024-12-19T05:50:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-19T03:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/honert.de\/?p=9687"},"modified":"2024-12-19T10:11:00","modified_gmt":"2024-12-19T08:11:00","slug":"new-version-of-the-bmf-letter-on-disproportionate-profit-distribution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/new-version-of-the-bmf-letter-on-disproportionate-profit-distribution\/","title":{"rendered":"NEW VERSION OF THE BMF LETTER ON DISPROPORTIONATE PROFIT DISTRIBUTION"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-hcnzno-a08ce84484d00adc38079150d5782c9e\">\n.avia-section.av-hcnzno-a08ce84484d00adc38079150d5782c9e{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/honert.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/3629.jpg);\nbackground-position:0% 0%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-hcnzno-a08ce84484d00adc38079150d5782c9e main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  hide_on_print avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-40 av-height-40  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_pc='40' data-av_min_height_opt='40'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-9687'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-1m699w-a844705d0fac7f283e72991835e60318 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-9687'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ec3t7o-de386f31dbef8d84e33299e7b7a772e2\">\n.flex_column.av-ec3t7o-de386f31dbef8d84e33299e7b7a772e2{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-ec3t7o-de386f31dbef8d84e33299e7b7a772e2 av_two_third  avia-builder-el-2  el_before_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m4tr0tzf-47358e0a43c9efa8faa9f46223b1671a\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m4tr0tzf-47358e0a43c9efa8faa9f46223b1671a{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m4tr0tzf-47358e0a43c9efa8faa9f46223b1671a .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m4tr0tzf-47358e0a43c9efa8faa9f46223b1671a .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m4tr0tzf-47358e0a43c9efa8faa9f46223b1671a av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_above'>19. December 2024\n<\/div><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >NEW VERSION OF THE BMF LETTER ON DISPROPORTIONATE PROFIT DISTRIBUTION<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-c8brc4-733b4c33fb32239d1a5a28995958ec4a\">\n.flex_column.av-c8brc4-733b4c33fb32239d1a5a28995958ec4a{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-c8brc4-733b4c33fb32239d1a5a28995958ec4a av_two_third  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_two_third  el_before_av_two_third  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m4tr1b3m-e10889db1ddf93e3ebd8e70930c85a43 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>The Federal Ministry of Finance has adjusted its opinion with regard to the income tax treatment of disproportionate profit distributions in line with the previous case law of the Federal Fiscal Court. According to this, in certain cases, even a resolution that breaches the Articles of Association should be sufficient for the tax recognition of disproportionate profit distributions. In the following, the topic of disproportionate profit distributions is presented from an income tax and gift tax perspective. In particular, the new BMF letter dated 4 September 2024 will be discussed.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-a4yhv8-493e81d80ad7cf06c9f783fb5fc0fff3\">\n.flex_column.av-a4yhv8-493e81d80ad7cf06c9f783fb5fc0fff3{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-a4yhv8-493e81d80ad7cf06c9f783fb5fc0fff3 av_two_third  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_two_third  el_before_av_one_third  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m4tr7pkc-51a9e6c42fcee10fbe793a017062d1e0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>I. General information<\/h2>\n<p>Disproportional (alternatively: incongruent) profit distributions occur when a corporation distributes profits to the shareholders in a way that deviates from the participation ratios. If, for example, two shareholders each hold a 50 % stake in a corporation and one of the shareholders receives less or more than 50 % in a profit distribution, this constitutes a disproportionate profit distribution. The instrument of disproportionate profit distribution is regularly used to reward individual shareholders who make a greater contribution to the corporation (special commitment in favor of the company).<br \/>\nDisproportionate profit distribution is generally permissible under corporate law without any restrictions. However, its tax recognition is subject to certain conditions. In addition, gift tax aspects must be kept in mind.<\/p>\n<h2>II. Requirements for recognition for income tax purposes<\/h2>\n<p>According to the BMF (letter dated 4 September 2024), incongruent profit distributions are generally to be recognized if they have been effectively agreed under civil law. This is particularly the case in the structures listed below. A distinction must be made between the legal form of a limited liability company (GmbH) and a stock corporation (AG).<\/p>\n<h5>1. Limited liability company (GmbH)<\/h5>\n<p><del datetime=\"2024-12-18T10:33:23+00:00\"><strong>a) Regulation in the Articles of Association<\/strong><\/del><br \/>\nIf there is a provision in the Articles of Association according to which an incongruent profit distribution is possible, this must also be recognized under tax law. However, this presupposes that the distribution also corresponds to the distribution key specified in the Articles of Association, which deviates from the shareholding ratio.<br \/>\nA subsequent amendment to the Articles of Association to include such a clause is also possible, but requires the consent of the shareholders affected by this.<br \/>\nAs an alternative to a clause that already stipulates a specific disproportionality of the distributions, an opening clause in the Articles of Association is also possible. This opening clause must provide for an incongruent profit distribution to be ordered by shareholder resolution. If, as a result, the shareholder resolution is passed with the necessary majority and the consent of the impaired shareholders as stipulated in the opening clause, the incongruent profit distribution must also be taken into account for income tax purposes.<br \/>\n<del datetime=\"2024-12-18T10:33:23+00:00\"><strong>b) Selective resolution breaching the Articles of Association<\/strong><\/del><br \/>\nIn the opinion of the BFH, an incongruent profit distribution is permissible for tax purposes in cases of so-called resolutions that breach the Articles of Association at certain points. The previous administrative opinion was opposed to this. However, this was adapted to the BFH case law in the above-mentioned updated BMF letter. As a result, the incongruent distribution of profits on the basis of a resolution that selectively breaches the articles of association is now also recognized by the tax authorities.<br \/>\nA resolution that selectively breaches the Articles of Association is deemed to exist if its effect is limited to the individual measure, i.e. the Articles of Association are breached, but not amended with effect for the future. If the resolution that breaches the Articles of Association is passed unanimously and cannot be contested, it is also decisive for taxation purposes. This does not apply if the resolution has a permanent effect (irrespective of the period of its duration) and in this respect no longer only has a &#8220;selective&#8221; effect.<br \/>\n<del datetime=\"2024-12-18T10:33:23+00:00\"><strong>c) Split profit allocation<\/strong><\/del><br \/>\nA resolution according to which the profit attributable to the majority shareholder is allocated to a shareholder-related revenue reserve, while the profit share attributable to the other shareholders is distributed, is also to be recognized for tax purposes. A mismatch can therefore also arise if not all of the profit is distributed, but only part of it. A (fictitious) inflow of investment income to the majority shareholder is not to be assumed in this case.<\/p>\n<h5>2. Stock corporation (AG)<\/h5>\n<p>Incongruent profit distributions are only recognized to a very limited extent for tax purposes in the case of the AG. Disproportionality can only be used as a basis for taxation if a specific distribution formula that deviates from the shareholding ratio has been defined in the articles of association and the profit distribution corresponds to this distribution formula. The other options permitted for a GmbH, such as the opening clause or the resolution to breach the Articles of Association in certain cases, remain irrelevant for tax purposes.<\/p>\n<h2>III. Gift tax aspects<\/h2>\n<p>Incongruent profit distribution can also have gift tax consequences. For example, family businesses may have a clause in the Articles of Association relating to incongruent profit distributions, according to which the children holding a stake in the corporation receive a disproportionately high share of the profits. This would be recognized for income tax purposes under the aforementioned conditions. If the share of profit, which is too high in relation to the shareholding, is not made in order to compensate for certain services provided by the children in connection with the company, a gift must be assumed. If the incongruent profit distribution is therefore not performance-related, this constitutes a gift taxable event. In this case, the donors are the shareholders to whom the profit distribution agreement deviating from the shareholding relationship applies.<br \/>\nIn the case of disproportionate profit distributions, the gift tax consequences must therefore always be taken into account. In order to avoid a transaction subject to gift tax, the higher profit share in relation to the participation quota should therefore be offset by a corresponding commitment or &#8220;more&#8221; performance by the beneficiary shareholder.<\/p>\n<h2>IV. Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>Disproportionate profit distributions are recognized for tax purposes under certain conditions. There are various structuring options here, particularly in the case of the GmbH, whereas the structuring of the AG is only possible to a very limited extent.<br \/>\nIn addition to the income tax consequences, the gift tax risks must also be taken into account. This is because incongruent profit distributions that are not performance-related regularly result in a gift tax liability. In order to avoid this, the amount of the mismatch and the corresponding benefit should be precisely coordinated.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8gnaac-3dea2b8e0a7fd20c0ddafa0f70043d11\">\n.flex_column.av-8gnaac-3dea2b8e0a7fd20c0ddafa0f70043d11{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:7px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8gnaac-3dea2b8e0a7fd20c0ddafa0f70043d11 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-last  sy-only-desktop hide_on_print flex_column_div  column-top-margin'     ><p><div  class='avia-builder-widget-area clearfix  avia-builder-el-9  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><section id=\"categories-3\" class=\"widget clearfix widget_categories\"><h3 class=\"widgettitle\">Newsletter issues<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"cat-item cat-item-272\"><a href=\"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/category\/2026-q1\/\">2026 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\">\n\n\t\t<a class=\"dkpdf-button\" href=\"\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9687?pdf=9687\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"dkpdf-button-icon\"><i class=\"fa fa-file-pdf-o\"><\/i><\/span> Download (PDF)<\/a>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_2'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-9687'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Federal Ministry of Finance has adjusted its opinion with regard to the income tax treatment of disproportionate profit distributions in line with the previous case law of the Federal Fiscal Court. According to this, in certain cases, even a resolution that breaches the Articles of Association should be sufficient for the tax recognition of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[254],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9687","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2024-q4-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9687","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9687"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9687\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9719,"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9687\/revisions\/9719"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9687"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9687"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honert.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9687"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}